Izinjini zezimoto zakuqala zazingenaso isisetshenziswa esibalulekile esisibheka njengesidingo namuhla: iphampu.Isisetshenziswa sokupholisa esiwuketshezi esasisetshenziswa kwakungamanzi ahlanzekile, ahlanganiswe nokungaphezudlwana kwe-phenyl alcohol, ukuvimbela ukuqanda.Ukujikeleza kwamanzi okupholisa kuncike ngokuphelele entweni yemvelo ye-convection eshisayo.Ngemva kokuba amanzi apholisayo amunca ukushisa emzimbeni wesilinda, agelezela ngokwemvelo esiteshini  futhi angene onqenqemeni lwerediyetha;Njengoba amanzi okupholisa ephola, azika ngokwemvelo aye phansi kurediyetha futhi angene engxenyeni engezansi yesilinda.Ukusebenzisa lesi simiso se-thermosiphon, ukupholisa ngeke kufezeke.Kodwa maduzane ngemva kwalokho,  amaphampu amanzi engezwa ohlelweni lokupholisa ukuze avumele amanzi okupholisa ukuthi ageleze ngokushesha okukhulu.

Isistimu yokupholisa yenjini yesimanje yemoto  ngokuvamile isebenzisa iphampu yamanzi eyi-centrifugal.Indawo yokufaka enengqondo kakhulu yepompo ingaphansi kwesistimu yokupholisa, kodwa ingxenye  yepompo ifakwe phakathi nesistimu yokupholisa, futhi inani elikhulu lamaphampu lifakwa phezulu enjini.Iphampu efakwe phezulu enjini ijwayele ukuba ne-cavitation.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikusiphi isimo, amanzi epompo yepompo angu-, njengamanzi epompo yenjini ye-Naitai V8, isivinini esingenzi lutho singama-750L/h, ukuya kwisivinini esigcwele esingaba ngu-12000L/h.

Ngokombono wempilo yesevisi, ushintsho olubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwephampu  ukuthi izigxivizo zobumba zavela eminyakeni embalwa edlule.Uma kuqhathaniswa nezimpawu zenjoloba noma izigxivizo zesikhumba ezisetshenziswe ngaphambili, izigxivizo ze-ceramic ziyakwazi ukumelana nokugqoka, kodwa futhi zinobubi bokukhishwa kalula yizinhlayiya ezinzima emanzini okupholisa.Nakuba ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwehluleka kophawu lwepompo ekwakhiweni kwe- ukwenza ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo, kodwa kuze kube manje ngeke kuqinisekise ukuthi uphawu lwepompo aluyona inkinga. Uma uphawu lubonakala luvuza, khona-ke ukugcotshwa kwebhokisi lephampu kuzokhukhuleka.

1. Ukuxilongwa kwephutha

Eminyakeni engu-20 edlule, ukuqina kwezimoto kuye kwathuthukiswa , ngakho ingabe impilo yesevisi yamaphampu amanzi iba yimbi kunangaphambili?Akunjalo.Amaphampu anamuhla asadinga ukushintshwa  inani lomsebenzi, imoto yahamba cishe amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-100, iphampu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi ihluleke.

Ukuxilongwa kwephutha lephampu  ukukhuluma ngokujwayelekile kulula.Esimeni sokuvuza kwesistimu yokupholisa, iphunga le-thermal antifreeze lingase lizwakale, kodwa kuyadingeka ukuhlola  ukuthola ukuthi amanzi okupholisa ayavuza yini ku-pump shaft seal.Ingasebenzisa  ukukhanya kwesibuko esincane ukuze kuhlole ukuthi imbobo yepompo yamanzi iyavuza yini.Ukuze wenze ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile, naka ukuhlola ukulahleka kwesipholisa ithangi lamanzi.

Ukuvuza iphutha lokuqala lephampu, umsindo uyiphutha lesibili, ngenxa yokuthinteka futhi kubangele ukufa kwe-pump shaft bite,  bona. Uma lesi sigameko senzeke, irediyetha izolimala ngemva komoya.

Nakuba ukugqwala okukhulu kwesigxivizo sephampu yamanzi kuvame ukubonakala ezincwadini zokunakekelwa kwemoto, kodwa uma ukunakekelwa okuvamile kwenziwa, ukugqwala kwe-impeller akuyona into evamile .Uma ubona umbala opholile obomvu, wokugqwala, kulinganiselwa ukuthi inkinga  ye-impeller corrosion.Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukuhlola ukujikeleza kwesipholisi sephampu, isipholile ku-radiator singakhululwa  ingxenye, ukuze izinga lamanzi ligcinwe epayipini lamanzi, bese ushisa injini, idivayisi yokushisa ingaphakathi. indawo evuleke ngokugcwele.Ukujikeleza kwamanzi okuhle kufanele kubonakale lapho injini isebenza ku-3000r/min.Enye  inkinga engaba khona ukuthi i-pump impeller ibonakala ku-shaft.

2. Imbangela yokwehluleka

Ngokuqondene nembangela yokwehluleka kwephampu, ezinye iziphathimandla zikholelwa ukuthi  izisekeli zokushayela ibhande ziyanda, ukuze umthwalo oseceleni wembangela.Njengoba  ochwepheshe bezimpawu zamanzi basho, "kunobufakazi bokuthi ukukhala kokunamathiselwe nge-root belt drive kune-frequency ehlukile, engacekela phansi uphawu lwepompo."Enye  inkinga ngokwehluleka kwephampu ukuthi idivayisi eqinisayo yebhande lenyoka yenza umthwalo osemaceleni obalulekile epompo.I-Cavitation enye inkinga  yepompo, njengasohlangothini lwamanzi lwephampu ukugqwala, ngakho-ke kuvame ukufakwa ngekhava yerediyetha yokucindezela.Uma ushintsha iphampu, kunconywa ukuthi  ama-clutch amafeni amasha afakwe, njengoba i-clutch engalinganiseli ingase ibangele izinkinga ngepompo.

Kukhona ongoti ukuthi ukushisa ngokweqile ukuntuleka kokunakekelwa nakho kuyimbangela yezinkinga zephampu.Uma into epholile ilahlekelwa amandla ayo okugcoba uphawu , uphawu lungase lufutheke.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehluleka kwepompo kungase kube ngenxa yekhwalithi embi yepompo ngokwayo.

3. Isayensi yamabhande

Imodeli endala  ngokuvamile ithatha ibhande elivamile elimise okuka-V, kuyilapho imodeli entsha ingase ithathe ibhande lenyoka.Uma imodeli endala yephampu ifakwe kumodeli entsha , kungase kube khona inkomba yenkinga.Ngenxa yokuthi ibhande lenyoka lingase liqhubele i-impeller yephampu kwelinye icala le-V-belt, iphampu izozungeza ibheke kolunye uhlangothi, okuholela ekushiseni ngokweqile kwesipholile.

Manje izinjini ezengeziwe zisebenzisa ibhande lesikhathi le-nap-camshaft ukushayela iphampu yamanzi.Inzuzo yokwenza lokhu ukuthi uma iphampu yamanzi ingazungezi, imoto ayikwazi ukushayelwa, futhi ingafinyeza injini  degree.Kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi ibhande lesikhathi kufanele lishintshwe ngemva kwesikhathi esifanele .Kwesinye isikhathi ubona lesi  uhlobo lwesimo.Ekufakweni  kwebhande lesikhathi elisha phakathi nesikhathi esifushane, iphampu yamanzi yonakaliswa, ngokuvamile lokhu kungenxa yokwandisa ukushuba kwebhande.Ngakho-ke, lapho ufaka  amaphampu amasha, ungashintshi kancane uye ebhandeni elisha.

4. Ukugcinwa kwephampu yamanzi

Lapha ukukhuluma ngenkinga yokupholisa, kanye nesondlo  ezinye izinto ezidinga ukunakwa.Ezimotweni zesimanje , ezivame ukusebenzisa injini ye-aluminiyamu yonke enomthwalo oshisayo ophakeme, ukushintsha into epholile minyaka yonke kubonakala kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela izinkinga.Kodwa-ke, manje ifomula ye-antifreeze isithuthuke kakhulu, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokuthatha indawo yokupholisa sinwetshwa ngokuqhubekayo .Ekuqaleni, umjikelezo wokushintshwa kokupholisa wanconywa iminyaka emithathu, wabe usunwetshwa  ukuya eminyakeni emine, futhi manje i-GM isincoma iminyaka emihlanu noma amakhilomitha angu-250,000 kwezinye izimoto.Ifomula yamanje yokupholisa ingagwema izinkinga ezivame ukuvela ohlelweni lokupholisa ngenxa yokubambezeleka  kokushintshwa kwesipholile.Isipholile esisha simelana nokugqwala kwezinhlanganisela ze-carboxyl, okungukuthi, ama-silicates, ama-phosphates izindlela zamanzi ezivala izinto ezingaphili ezitholakala ku-glycol evamile.Nakuba isipholile esisha  sibiza kakhulu kunesisipholisi esivamile, singaqinisekisa ukuthi iphampu isebenza kahle isikhathi eside, ngakho iyonga imali.Ukuze usebenzise kangcono ☷ i-life coolant, isistimu yokupholisa idinga ukuhlanzwa kahle uma ishintshwa.

Lapha ukukhuluma ngekhwalithi ye-antifreeze.Igama elithi “antifreeze” igama elingelona iqiniso, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwe-antifreeze akukona nje kuphela  isinqanda-qhwa, kodwa futhi kudinga ukumelana nokugqwala, uphawu lwephampu yokugcoba ukuphakamisa indawo yokubilisa.Ngakho-ke, i-antifreeze yomkhiqizo engaziwa akufanele isetshenziswe njengoba ingase ibe nezithasiselo ezingafanelekile  amanani e-pH ayingozi.

Ubucayi benkinga yokuvuza yesistimu yokupholisa abunakulinganiswa , okungeke nje kwenze umonakalo womoya ohogeliwe imodi yokugeleza yokupholisa enqunywe kusengaphambili, okuholela ekukhiqizeni izindawo ezishisayo, kodwa futhi kubhebhethekise ukugqwala kwepompo.

Uma inani lenkathi yokupholisa  linganele, lizodala ukushisa kwenjini, futhi ngokubonakala kokugqwala kwesitimu, kungagcini nje ngokulimaza irediyetha, kodwa futhi kukhiqize nezinye izinkinga zephampu.